近日,華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學池塘健康養(yǎng)殖湖北省工程實驗室李大鵬教授團隊在Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety發(fā)表了題為“Acute nitrite exposure interferes with intestinal thyroid hormone homeostasis in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus)”的研究論文。該研究以草魚為研究對象,發(fā)現(xiàn)了養(yǎng)殖環(huán)境中亞硝酸鹽濃度升高會通過干擾魚體甲狀腺機能來影響腸道營養(yǎng)有效利用。
高密度集約化水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖條件下,養(yǎng)殖中后期隨著投餌量的加大、魚蝦排泄物的增多,殘餌、糞便腐爛發(fā)酵及外源性氮元素的引入,易造成養(yǎng)殖水質(zhì)惡化,致使亞硝酸鹽偏高。魚類亞硝酸鹽中毒常表現(xiàn)出缺氧、攝食量下降、生長緩慢、體力衰退、鰓部受損變黑等癥狀,嚴重影響魚類健康品質(zhì)。以往研究多集中在亞硝酸鹽導致魚體缺氧癥狀機理方面,而亞硝酸鹽干擾魚體營養(yǎng)利用機制的研究卻鮮有報道。同時腸道是重要的營養(yǎng)吸收器官,亦是甲狀腺激素調(diào)控的關鍵靶點。
研究發(fā)現(xiàn)養(yǎng)殖環(huán)境中的亞硝酸鹽濃度升高會擾亂外周組織中的甲狀腺激素代謝平衡,而亞硝酸鹽是否通過干擾魚類腸道甲狀腺代謝平衡來影響營養(yǎng)吸收則需要明確。該研究團隊以草魚為研究對象,發(fā)現(xiàn)亞硝酸鹽的毒性效應可以顯著提升魚體血清甲狀腺素(T4)含量與腸道脫碘酶(IDs)活性,表明腸道甲狀腺激素代謝穩(wěn)態(tài)受到了干擾;團隊進一步對調(diào)控腸道營養(yǎng)吸收相關信號通路進行分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)干擾效應通過TR-Akt/PPAR信號通路抑制腸道糖類、脂類營養(yǎng)素轉運的同時促進了腸道的能量消耗。該研究為深入了解亞硝酸鹽對魚類甲狀腺代謝的干擾作用及機制提供基礎數(shù)據(jù),并為養(yǎng)殖環(huán)境的控制和魚類健康養(yǎng)殖提供基礎依據(jù)。
華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學水產(chǎn)學院博士研究生梁驍為論文第一作者,水產(chǎn)學院湯蓉與李大鵬為論文通訊作者。該研究得到了國家自然科學基金和國家重點研發(fā)計劃等項目的資助。
【英文摘要】
Nitrite in the aquatic environment potentially disturbs thyroid hormone (TH) homeostasis in peripheral tissues, but little is known about TH metabolism in the intestine. This study investigated the serum concentrations of THs and thyroid-stimulating hormone as well as the activity of intestinal iodothyronine deiodinases (IDs) of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) exposed to various concentrations of nitrite (0, 8, 25, or 50 mg/L) for 96 h. Acute nitrite exposure significantly altered the triiodothyronine (T3) levels and the morphology of thyroid follicles at 96 h, and thyroxine (T4) and free T4 levels and intestinal IDs activities showed an increase trend under nitrite stress. After 96 h exposure, nitrite down-regulated the expressions levels of intestinal Akt1 protein, sugar transporter genes, and thyroid hormone receptor (TR) signaling pathway genes except for trɑ1 and trɑ2. Moreover, the expressions levels of pparγ, cpt1α, cd36, fabp2 and fatp4 were down-regulated, whereas fabp6 and lpl were up-regulated in the 50 mg/L exposure group at 96 h. The results indicate that acute nitrite exposure has the potential to disturb the homeostasis of intestinal TH metabolism, which in turn alters TRs genes transcription, down-regulates sugar transporter activities, and promotes the energy expenditure in gut of grass carp.
論文鏈接:
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113510
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